Contino, FrancescoSaadallah, AnisAnisSaadallah2025-06-252025-06-252025-06-0120252025-06-01https://hdl.handle.net/2078.2/42877As the European energy landscape grows increasingly complex, energy system models must evolve to reflect the interactions between multiple energy carriers and sectors. This shift toward multi-energy systems modeling calls for tools that are not only accurate, but also transparent, adaptable, and capable of supporting a wide range of planning and analytical tasks. This thesis examines and compares two widely used modeling tools: PyPSA, a modular and open-source framework frequently employed in academic and open modeling communities; and Antares, a well-established simulation platform used by Elia and other transmission system operators. While Antares excels in dispatch and market simulations for electricity systems, PyPSA offers greater flexibility for modeling sector coupling and exploring alternative energy system configurations and trajectories. Rather than positioning one tool as a replacement for the other, this study investigates their respective modeling paradigms, capabilities, and limitations—with the aim of understanding how they might be used complementarily to support energy system analysis and planning across diverse use cases.text::thesis::master thesis