La thérapie cellulaire adoptive dans le cancer du sein triple négatif : l’approche par cellules CAR-NK

Details

Supervisors

Duhoux, François

Faculty

Faculté de pharmacie et des sciences biomédicales

Degree label

Master [120] en sciences pharmaceutiques, à finalité spécialisée

Abstract

enBreast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Among its subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. Its aggressiveness, biological heterogeneity, and lack of surface targets make it difficult to treat, despite numerous therapeutic advances. Immune cells genetically modified with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in oncology. However, CAR-T cells (T lymphocytes), which have been approved for use in hematological malignancies, have been associated with toxicity and their efficacity is limited by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Consequently, CAR-NK cells (NK cells) have emerged as a promising alternative to CAR-T cells, combining the innate cytotoxicity of NK cells with the specificity of CARs, while offering a more favorable safety profile. This thesis addresses the pathophysiology of TNBC and highlights the therapeutic potential of CAR-NK cells in TNBC and, more generally, in solid tumors resistant to conventional treatments. It presents various targets that have been identified and evaluated in in vitro and in vivo models. These preclinical studies have demonstrated the cytotoxic potential of CAR-NK cells on CSTN cells, associated with a good safety profile.