Conception d’un banc d’essai et développement d’un modèle de simulation dynamique pour un véhicule Maglev à suspension électrodynamique hélicoïdale
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- Magnetic levitation transport systems represent a promising alternative to conventional rail technologies due to the absence of mechanical contact between the vehicle and the track. This characteristic reduces friction, wear, maintenance requirements, noise, and vibrations, while enabling higher operating speeds. Among the various magnetic levitation technologies, electrodynamic suspension (EDS) systems are of particular interest because of their passive stability at high speed. In this context, the concept of helical electrodynamic wheels (HEDW) makes it possible to provide levitation, guidance, and propulsion simultaneously. However, the strongly coupled behaviour of these systems, their dependence on speed, and their complex dynamics remain major technological challenges. This thesis investigates a levitation system based on helical electrodynamic wheels. A dynamic model of the vehicle is developed and implemented as a simulation tool. It is used to analyse the influence of various geometric and mechanical parameters on the performance and passive stability of the system, as well as to compare several vehicle configurations. This study highlights the limitations of the available force laws and the need to characterise certain dynamic phenomena more accurately, such as transverse damping. In light of these numerical limitations, the physical implementation of the system becomes particularly relevant. An experimental test bench is therefore designed to prepare the experimental validation of the model and to further the understanding of the dynamic behaviour of these systems. A significant part of the work focuses on sizing the experimental setup, identifying its critical components, and validating them experimentally. The results obtained highlight the challenges associated with system stability and underline the need to develop suitable control strategies. These contributions provide a foundation for future research aimed at identifying and characterising the key parameters of electrodynamic levitation systems based on helical electrodynamic wheels, and subsequently optimising their performance and control.