Impact of Free Trade Agreements on Digital Start-ups in Indonesia

(2025)

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Abstract
This thesis focuses on the impact of free trade agreements on digital start-ups in Indonesia, from the perspective of their founders. This is enhanced by a deeper analysis of the Indonesia-EU Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and its potential impact. The goal is to assess the local start-up ecosystem in the technology sector and determine how Indonesian start-ups can navigate international expansion and leverage growth models to thrive in the global market. A hybrid approach is used to answer the research question. On the one hand, quantitative and qualitative data are gathered from scientific sources, particularly to provide an overview of the current state of research and to explain the environment surrounding Indonesian start-ups. Ultimately, a qualitative approach, in the form of interviews with start-up founders, provides practical insights and helps develop recommendations.